fault lines in puget soundfault lines in puget sound

There are some interesting relationships here. If entirely analogous, then "roof duplex" might also apply, and the Olympia Fault would be a reverse fault similar to the Tacoma Fault. This fault produced a large earthquake that left a geologic record of surface offsets about 1100 years ago. This boundary would be the contact where northward movement of the basement rock of the Puget Lowland against the Olympic Peninsula is accommodated; it would be expected to be a significant seismological zone. The last large event was in 1700, but there is a 37 percent chance of an 7.1+ in the next 50 years. There is evidence that the Tacoma Fault connects with the White River River Fault (WRF) via the EPZ and Federal Way, under the Muckleshoot Basin (see map),[137] and thence to the Naches River Fault. It is uncertain how these faults relate to the structure, and whether they are deep-seated faults, or fractures due to bending of the shallow crust. Other similar rock has been found at the Rimrock Lake Inlier (bottom of diagram), in the San Juan Islands, and in the Pacific Coast Complex along the West Coast Fault on the west side of Vancouver Island. Initially it was not specified, and rather vaguely indicated to be west of Restoration Point (i.e., west of Puget Sound). The map is from a 2007 report (click here to download) on seismic design categories in Washington. Plot. The Doty fault has been mapped from the north side of the Chehalis airport due west to the old logging town of Doty (due north of Pe Ell), paralleled most of that distance by its twin, the Salzer Creek Fault, about half a mile to the north. A marine seismic reflection study[177] found evidence of faulting at the mouth of Budd Inlet, just north of the Olympia structure, and aligning with faint lineaments seen in the lidar imagery. Puget Sound and San Juan islands. These include (from north to south, see map) the: The Puget Sound region (Puget Lowland[1]) of western Washington contains the bulk of the population and economic assets of the state, and carries seven percent of the international trade of the United States. In the map above these are represented by the pair of dotted lines at the lower right. [141] (Originally named the Tahuya Fault. These bends are located where they intercept a "subtle geological structure"[202] of "possible fundamental importance",[203] a NNE striking zone (line "A" on the map) of various faults (including the Tokul Creek Fault NNE of Snoqualmie) and early-Miocene (about 24 Ma) volcanic vents and intrusive bodies (plutons and batholiths) extending from Portland to Glacier Peak;[204] it also marks the change in regional fault orientation noted above. ), and headed for the definitely active Saint Helens Zone; this appears to be a large-scale structure. Click a second point on the map, this will be the right side of the cross-section. Puget Sound, Washington has had: (M1.5 or greater) 0 earthquakes in the past 24 hours. 64, on-line) that the edge of the Crescent Formation offsets west along the Seattle Fault, with the Seattle Basin resulting from a gap between the main part of Siletiza and a northern block that has broken away. [116] Subsequent authors were confident enough to trace the fault west of Bremerton to just north of Green Mountain (the northwestern corner of the Blue Hills uplift see "E" on the map a topographically prominent exposure of uplifted basalt) and just short of Hood Canal;[117] but reluctant to map the fault further west as the distinctive aeromagnetic lineament used to locate the Seattle Fault dies out just west of Bremerton. The Seattle Fault is a zone of complex thrust and reverse faults between lines E and F on the map up to 7km wide and over 70km long that delineates the north edge of the Seattle Uplift. [51] The 1949, 1965, and 2001 Puget Sound earthquakes were the result of _____ fault movement within the Juan de Fuca plate. It follows the Bainbridge Island ferry route east under Puget Sound and the route of Interstate 90 toward, and possibly beyond, the Cascade Mountains. Earthquakes occur nearly every day in Washington. The Seattle Fault crosses east-west through Puget Sound and downtown Seattle. [72] The WMB is an assemblage of Late Jurassic and Cretaceous rock (some of it as much as 166 million years old) collected in the accretionary wedge (or prism) of a subduction zone. A new view is developing that the regional tectonic boundary is not under Hood Canal, but just to the west, involving the Saddle Mountain fault zone (discussed below) and associated faults. Seven times in the past 3,500 years, the CSZ has buckled and fractured to produce an earthquake so massive that it left a mark in the geologic record. Those Hollywood depictions of a. The last major earthquake on the Seattle Fault occurred around 1,100 years ago, shifting the landscape in Puget Sound. Where it intersects the northwest-trending Johnsons Swamp fault zone, easternmost member of the RMFZ. The most recent Seattle Fault earthquake was about 1,100 years ago; The Seattle Fault has been active about three or four times in the past 3,000 years. In this model the Tacoma fault zone is primarily the result of local adjustments as the slab bends upward at the bottom of the ramp. [19] These terranes were covered by the basalts of the Crescent Formation (part of Siletzia). A similar line aligns with the termination of the WRZ, SHZ, and Gales Creek Fault Zone (northwest of Portland), with faulting along the upper Nehalem River on the Oregon coast,[211] and a topographical contrast at the coast (between Neahkahnie Mountain and the lower Nehalem River valley) distinct enough to be seen on the seismicity map above (due west of Portland). [8] As of 1985 only the Saddle Mountain Faults had been shown to have Holocene activity (since the last ice age, about 12,000 years ago). Harold Tobin, . This is because the Olympic terrane is moving (relative to North America) northeast; its continued clockwise rotation is akin to a giant wheel rolling up the western side of the North Cascade crystalline core. Conjugate faults are secondary faults that branch off from opposite sides of a strike-slip fault at approximately the same angle. When the applied stresses become overpowering, the rocks at the fault rupture. Next to a 4-6 lines highways with 90db noise and cancerous pollution. Methane Plume Emissions Associated With Puget Sound Faults in the Cascadia Forearc CC BY 4.0 Authors: H. Paul Johnson University of Washington Seattle S. G. Merle National Oceanic and. [218] This would pose significantly greater seismic hazard than currently recognized, especially as the White River Fault is believed to connect with the Naches River Fault that extends along Highway 410 on the east side of the Cascades towards Yakima. [59] Another study identified an unusually broad band of scarps passing between Bothell and Snohomish, with several scarps in the vicinity of King County's controversial Brightwater regional sewage treatment plant showing at least four and possibly nine events on the SWIF in the last 16,400 years. For information about the Energize Eastside project, . One study compared the relative elevation of two marshes on opposite sides of Whidbey Island, and determined that approximately 3,000 years ago an earthquake of M 6.57.0 caused 1 to 2 meters of uplift. South of the OWL a definite eastern boundary has not been found, with some indications it is indefinite. This map of Puget Sound shows the location of the methane plumes (yellow and white circles) detected along the ship's path (purple). Geologic Map. Curiously, the extension of line "B" north of the OWL is approximately the eastern limit of Puget Sound seismicity, the rest of southwestern Washington and the North Cascades being relatively aseismic (see the seismicity map, above). 4) Drag square on line to include events to plot. This structure is shown in the gravitational mapping of 1965, but without comment. It is believed that all of these faults, folds, basins, and uplifts are related. An earthquake occurs along a south-moving fault. [70] Although the intervening section has not been mapped, geologists believe the GFFZ connects with the McMurray FZ to the north, and forms the eastern boundary of the Everett Basin. After all, Olympia, which is the closest of the cities to the megathrust fault, is estimated to experience the least severe shaking; at the same time, many cities on the east side of the Puget Sound further away from the fault experience much stronger shaking. [100], However, gravity and other data suggest that near the southern tip of Whidbey Island the Crescent Formation contact may turn away from the SWIF, and may even be reentrant under north Seattle,[101] forming the northwestern side of the Seattle Basin, and possibly connecting with the recently reported "Bremerton trend" of faulting running from the southern end of Hood Canal, through Sinclair Inlet (Bremerton), and across Puget Sound. The mapped surface traces are only 5km long, but LIDAR-derived imagery shows longer lineaments, with the traces cutting Holocene alluvial traces. More than a millennium ago, a quake estimated at a magnitude 7 on the Seattle Fault thrust land upward as much as 23 feet and submerged 200-acre chunks of forest in central Puget Sound and Lake . According to the Washington state Department of Natural Resources, more than 1,000 earthquakes happen in Washington state each year! Mapping from the Pacific Northwest Seismic Network shows that the bulk of the earthquakes in western Washington are concentrated in four places: in two narrow zones under Mt. . An informal consortium of regional agencies has coordinated LIDAR mapping of much of the central Puget Lowland, which has led to discovery of numerous fault scarps which are then investigated by trenching (paleoseismology). Puget Sound Energy. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Mount Vernon Fault/Granite Falls FZ/Woods Creek, Rogers Belt (Mount Vernon Fault/Granite Falls Fault Zone), Saint Helens Zone and Western Rainier Zone, Quaternary fault and fold database (QFFDB), USGS QFFDB Fault #574, Devils Mountain Fault, USGS QFFDB Fault #571, Strawberry Point Fault, USGS QFFDB Fault #573, Utsalady Point Fault, Brightwater regional sewage treatment plant, USGS QFFDB Fault #572, Southern Whidbey Island Fault, USGS QFFDB Fault #575, Saddle Mountain Faults, "A Rifted Margin Origin for the Crescent Basalts and Related Rocks in the Northern Coast Range Volcanic Province, Washington and British Columbia", "Preliminary atlas of active shallow tectonic deformation in the Puget Lowland, Washington", "Volcanism, Isostatic Residual Gravity, and Regional Tectonic Setting of the Cascade Volcanic Province", "Findings on the southern Whidbey Island fault zone from aeromagnetic anomalies, lidar surveys, and trenching", "The Saddle Mountain Fault Deformation Zone, Olympic Peninsula, Washington: Western Boundary of the Seattle Uplift", "Connecting Crustal Faults and Tectonics from Puget Sound across the Cascade Range to the Yakima Fold and Thrust Belt, Washington: Evidence from New High-Resolution Aeromagnetic Data [Abstract GP232-02]", Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, "The Cottage Lake Aeromagnetic Lineament: A possible onshore extension of the Southern Whidbey Island Fault, Washington", "Location, structure, and seismicity of the Seattle fault zone, Washington: Evidence from aeromagnetic anomalies, geologic mapping, and seismic-reflection data", 10.1130/0016-7606(2002)114<0169:LSASOT>2.0.CO;2, "High-pressure metamporphism and uplift of the Olympic subduction complex", 10.1130/0091-7613(1990)018<1252:HPMAUO>2.3.CO;2, "Interpretation of the Seattle Uplift, Washington, as a Passive-Roof Duplex", "Tectonic elements and evolution of northwest Washington", "Quaternary faulting on Dow Mountain, Mason County", "Major Cenozoic faults in the northern Puget Lowland of Washington", "High-Resolution Seismic Reflection Imaging of Growth Folding and Shallow Faults beneath the Southern Puget Lowland, Washington State", "LITHOPROBE southern Vancouver Island: Cenozoic subduction complex imaged by deep seismic reflections", "Geologic map of the Lilliwaup 7.5-minute quadrangle, Mason County, Washington", "Geologic map of the Holly 7.5-minute quadrangle, Jefferson, Kitsap, and Mason Counties, Washington", "Geologic map of the Eldon 7.5-minute quadrangle, Jefferson, Kitsap, and Mason Counties, Washington", "Geophysical Investigation of the Southern Puget Sound Area, Washington", "Geologic Map and Interpreted Geologic History of the Bow and Alger 7.5-minute Quadrangles, Western Skagit County, Washington", "Geologic Map of Washington Northwest Quadrant", "Geologic map of the Oak Harbor, Crescent Harbor, and part of the Smith Island 7.5-minute quadrangles, Island County", "Geologic map of the McMurray 7.5-minute Quadrangle, Skagit and Snohomish Counties, Washington, with a Discussion of the Evidence for Holocene Activity on the DarringtonDevils Mountain Fault Zone", "Geologic map of the Fall City 7.5-minute quadrangle, King County, Washington", "Geologic map of the North Bend 7.5-minute quadrangle, King County, Washington, with a discussion of major faults, folds, and basins in the map area", "Geologic Map of the Snoqualmie 7.5-Minute Quadrangle, King County, Washington", "Geologic map of the Carnation 7.5-minute quadrangle, King County, Washington", "Supplement to the geologic map of the Carnation 7.5-minute quadrangle, King County, Washington Geochronologic, geochemical, point count, geophysical, earthquake, fault, and neotectonic data", "Geologic map of the Monroe 7.5-minute quadrangle, King County, Washington", "Geologic map of the Lake Joy 7.5-minute quadrangle, King County, Washington", "Geologic map of the Sultan 7.5-minute quadrangle, Snohomish and King Counties, Washington", "Geologic Map of the Lake Chaplain 7.5-minute Quadrangle, Snohomish County, Washington", "Geologic map of the Lake Roesiger 7.5-minute quadrangle, Snohomish County, Washington", "Geologic Map of the Granite Falls 7.5-minute Quadrangle, Snohomish County, Washington", "Imaging Crustal Structure in Southwestern Washington With Small Magnetometer Arrays", "Geology of the Mount St. Helens Area: Record of Discontinuous Volcanic and Plutonic Activity in the Cascade Arc of Southern Washington", "Geophysical constraints on Washington convergent margin structure", "Aeromagnetic map compilation: procedures for merging and an example from Washington", "Something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue - a new perspective on seismic hazards in Washington using aeromagnetic data", "Constraints on surface deformation in the Seattle, WA, urban corridor from satellite radar interferometry time-series analysis", "Crustal Structure and Earthquake Hazards of the Subduction Zone in Southwestern British Columbia and Western Washington", "Late Mesozoic or Early Tertiary Melanges in the Western Cascades of Washington", "Seismotectonic map of the Puget Sound region, Washington", "Distribution of late Cenozoic volcanic vents in the Cascade Range: Volcanic arc segmentation and regional tectonic considerations", "Geologic map of the Wildcat Lake 7.5' quadrangle, Kitsap and Mason Counties, Washington", "Fault scarp detection beneath dense vegetation cover: airborne LIDAR mapping of the Seattle Fault Zone, Bainbridge Island, Washington State", 10.1130/1052-5173(2003)13<0004:HLTOTP>2.0.CO;2, "Structural variation along the Devil's Mountain fault zone, northwestern Washington", 10.1130/0091-7613(1980)8<15:SOTCVC>2.0.CO;2, "Fault number 572, Southern Whidbey Island Fault", "Active shortening of the Cascadia forearc and implications for seismic hazards of the Puget Lowland", "Active tectonics of the Seattle fault and central Puget Sound, Washington Implications for earthquake hazards", 10.1130/0016-7606(1999)111<1042:ATOTSF>2.3.CO;2, "Evidence for Late Holocene Earthquakes on the Utsalady Point Fault, Northern Puget Lowland, Washington", 10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<0071:OAEOTS>2.3.CO;2, "The southern Whidbey Island fault An active structure in the Puget Lowland, Washington", 10.1130/0016-7606(1996)108<0334:TSWIFA>2.3.CO;2, "Late Holocene displacement on the Southern Whidbey Island fault zone, northern Puget lowland", "The Tahuya Lineament: Southwestern Extension of the Seattle Fault? slope, need not be high. It appears the entire DDMFZ and Leech River fault system was pushed onto the early continental margin from an original alignment along the OWL. Can be formed by differential erosion of adjacent hard and soft rock; by localized erosion, for example at the edge of a river terrace; by movement of a landslide; or by a shallow earthquake that is large enough to break the Earth's surface. (E.g., the Olympia Fault is aligned with and appears to be the northernmost member of a set of faults between Olympia and Chehalis that may extend to the Columbia River, and there has been a suggestion that the Tacoma Fault may connect with the White RiverNaches River fault on the east side of the Cascades.[24]). Although the southwest striking Canyon River Fault is not seen to directly connect with the Saddle Mountain faults, they are in general alignment, and both occur in a similar context of Miocene faulting (where Crescent Formation strata has been uplifted by the Olympics) and a linear aeromagnetic anomaly. [76], The Cherry Creek fault zone (CCFZ) was discovered in 2010 while mapping the area at the north end of the Rattlesnake Mountain fault zone (RMFZ). [79] It is deemed a "major active or potentially active" structure. [125] While some coherency is developing, the story is not complete: identified faults do not yet account for much of the region's seismicity. The Puget Sound faults under the heavily populated Puget Sound region (Puget Lowland) of Washington state form a regional complex of interrelated seismogenic (earthquake-causing) geologic faults. News Media at VA Puget Sound health care, 206-764-2435, 206-764-2317. [99] This last problem is partly solved because there is a locus of seismicity, and presumably faulting, extending from the northern end of the SHZ to the northern end of the Western Rainier Zone (see Fig. Locations of some previously mapped faults have been adjusted on the latest map. [178] Alternately, the OS appears to coincide with a gravitational boundary in the upper crust that has been mapped striking southeast to The Dalles on the Columbia River,[179] where there is a swarm of similarly striking faults.

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